A document describing the rules regarding using the ISIMIP simulation data can be found here.
Except where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.
A document describing the rules regarding using the ISIMIP simulation data can be found here.
The ISIMIP framework includes bias-corrected climate-input data sets on a 0.5°x0.5°C global grid and at daily time steps. Additional socio-economic and human-influence data are also available, and detailed in the table below.
For ISIMIP2b, the bias-correction method has been updated and improved. See here for information on the ISIMIP2b bias correction; and here for information on the Fast-Track bias-correction method.
If published input data sets for any reason need to be replaced or updated, you will find details of these changes in the input data change log below.
Use the table's search box to limit input data sets to a chosen simulation round, data type, or to search for a specific data set.
| Data set | Protocol relation | Data type | Simulation round | Description | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Protocol
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Observed atmospheric climate
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Not yet active
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EWEMBI global meteorological forcing data processed for ISIMIP2a.
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Protocol
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Observed atmospheric climate
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Not yet active
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ERA5 global meteorological forcing data processed for ISIMIP2a.
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Protocol
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Other
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ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
Fast Track
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Extension of GRanD reservoirs & dams data.
For some dams for which no construction/commissioning years were given in GRanDv1.1, they were added by PIK according to various sources (see column “SOURCE”).
The dam location data previously to 2010 is based on GRanDv1.1 (Lehner et al., 2011, DOI: 10.1890/100125), but adjusted to match the river-routing network in DDM30. After 2010, the data has been provided by Dr. Jida Wang, from Kansas State University (KSU).
Mapping algorithm developed by Andreas Dobler. Manual mapping done by M.Rocío Rivas, PIK.
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Protocol
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Observed atmospheric climate
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Not yet active
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ERA5 global meteorological forcing data processed for ISIMIP2a. Original ERA5 data were aggregated in space and time to 0.5° and temporal resolution, respectively. Prior to that aggregation, near-surface wind speed, relative and specific humidity were derived from available ERA5 variables: Near-surface wind speed was computed from near-surface easterly and northerly wind components. Near-surface relative and specific humidity were computed from surface air pressure, near-surface air temperature and near-surface dew point using the equations of Buck (1981, doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1981)020<1527:NEFCVP>2.0.CO;2) as described in Buck Research CR-1A User's Manual, Appendix 1 (www.hygrometers.com/wp-content/uploads/CR-1A-users-manual-2009-12.pdf).
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from MIROC5. The only difference between these data and those described at https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/21/ is the method used for bias adjustment and statistical downscaling.
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from HadGEM2-ES. The only difference between these data and those described at https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/52/ is the method used for bias adjustment and statistical downscaling.
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from IPSL-CM5A-LR. The only difference between these data and those described at https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/53/ is the method used for bias adjustment and statistical downscaling.
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from GFDL-ESM2M. The only difference between these data and those described at https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/51/ is the method used for bias adjustment and statistical downscaling.
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Secondary
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Other
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Fast Track
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Increased human and economic losses from river flooding with anthropogenic warming.
The data set includes:
- Static maps (land use, economic variables, population) used to compute impacts
- For each model realization, the merged global maps of economic damage for the historical (hist) and future (rcp8p5) periods, as well as statistic tables of impacts aggregated per continent and per country
- For each model realization, the merged global maps of population affected computed with current socioeconomic conditions and with SSP3 and SSP5 population projections, and the statistic tables of impacts aggregated per continent and per country
- Tables of variables used as input in the impact assessment procedure
- Tables describing aggregated impact results
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Secondary
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Socio-economic
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ISIMIP2b
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Annual global population data at 0.5° and 2.5' resolutions for the years 2006-2100 based on the population projections described in Jones & O’Neill (2016)
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Secondary
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from MIROC5.
These data are analogous to the data described here: https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/21/ but for this RCP not included in the ISIMIP2b simulation protocol.
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Secondary
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from HadGEM2-ES.
These data are analogous to the data described here: https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/52/ but for the this RCP not included in the ISIMIP2b simulation protocol.
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Secondary
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2299) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from IPSL-CM5A-LR.
These data are analogous to the data described here: https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/53/ but for this RCP not included in the ISIMIP2b simulation protocol.
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Secondary
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Future (2006-2099) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from GFDL-ESM2M.
These data are analogous to the data described here: https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/51/ but for this RCP not included in the ISIMIP2b simulation protocol.
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Protocol
|
Land use
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ISIMIP2b
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Time-varying historical crop-land areas for 6 land-use types: rain-fed crop land, irrigated crop-land, rain-fed bioenergy, irrigated bio-energy, pastures, natural vegetation and urban areas. For more specific information, thd data are provided in 5 different resolutions of land-use types:
landuse-totals: the land surface is broadly categorized into rainfed (cropland_rainfed) and irrigated cropland (cropland_irrigated), and into pastures (pastures)
landuse-5crops: the distribution of the five predominant crop types (c3ann, c3per, c4ann, c4per and c3nfx), delineating both occurences of rainfed/irrigated crops and occurences of nutrition/bioenergy crops
landuse-15crops: provides areas specific to either important species, e.g. wheat, or species
groups, such as pulses
landuse-pastures: pastures areas are split into managed pastures (managed_pastures) and rangeland (rangeland)
landuse-urbanareas: provides the per-cell coverage of urban areas
Data is available for the time period 2006-2099.
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Protocol
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Socio-economic
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ISIMIP2b
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Country-level population data for the years 1861-2009.
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Protocol
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Socio-economic
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ISIMIP2b
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Annual GDP data on a 0.5°x0.5° grid for 2006-2099.
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Protocol
|
Socio-economic
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ISIMIP2b
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Annual country-level GDP data for the SSP2 scenario for 2006-2100 based on a linear temporal interpolation of the OECD data.
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Pre-industrial (1661-1860), historical (1861-2005), future (RCP2.6 (2006-2100), RCP6.0 (2006-2099) and RCP8.5 (2006-2299)) and extended-future (RCP2.6, 2100-2299) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from IPSL-CM5A-LR. Output includes the physical and biogeochemical ocean data required by the marine ecosystem sector of ISIMIP.
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Protocol
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Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Pre-industrial (1661-1860), historical (1861-2005), future (RCP2.6 (2006-2100), RCP6.0 (2006-2099) and RCP8.5 (2006-2099) and extended-future (2100-2299) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from HadGEM2-ES.
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Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
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ISIMIP2b
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Pre-industrial (1661-1860), historical (1861-2005) and future (RCP2.6 (2006-2099), RCP6.0 (2006-2099) and RCP8.5 (2006-2099)) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from GFDL-ESM2M. Output includes the physical and biogeochemical ocean data required by the marine ecosystem sector of ISIMIP.
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Protocol
|
Other human influences
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ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
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Catch data by country or EEZ or LME or globally.
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Protocol
|
Land use
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ISIMIP2a
|
Time-varying historical crop-land areas for 12 crop-functional types and pastures for rainfed and irrigated land use for the years 1700-2012. Based on MIRCA 2000 and historical trends from HYDE 3.0.
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Protocol
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Other
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ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
Fast Track
|
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Protocol
|
Other human influences
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ISIMIP2b
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Water abstraction for domestic and industrial uses consistent with SSP2. Histsoc (1901-2005); rcp26soc (2006-2099); rcp60soc (2006-2099)
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|
Protocol
|
Simulated ocean climate
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Non bias-corrected 3D oceanic temperature fields on original GCM grid with monthly resolution from the GCMs: IPSL-CM5A-LR, GFDL-ESM2M, MIROC5, HadGEM2-ES.
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2b
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Non bias-corrected 3D humidity and temperature fields on original GCM grid with monthly resolution from the GCMs: IPSL-CM5A-LR, GFDL-ESM2M, MIROC5, HadGEM2-ES.
|
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Protocol
|
Emissions
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
Fast Track
|
Atmospheric CO2 concentration for 1661-2299. Values are constant for 1661-1860, following observations from 1861-2005, and correspond to rcp26 and rcp60 from 2006-2299.
|
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Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Uncorrected daily wind components at 250hPa and 850hPa on original GCM grid for the GCMs: GFDL-ESM2M (1861-2100), MIROC5 (1850-2300), IPSL-CM5A-LR (1850-2300) & HadGEM-ES (1959-2299).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
|
The EWEMBI dataset was compiled to support the bias correction of climate input data for ISIMIP2b and the ISIMIP2a protocol extension.
For a full technical description, see "Data sources" below.
Data is available for the time period 1979-2016.
|
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|
Protocol
|
Socio-economic
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Annual country-level population, urban population and age structure (in five-year age bands) based on SSP2 from IIASA (population & age structure) and NCAR (urbanshare).
Data is available for the following time periods: Annual country-level population (2006-2099), urban population (2006-2099), age structure (2010-2100).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Socio-economic
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Annual global population data at 0.5° and 5' resolutions for the years 2006-2099 based on the national SSP2 population projections as described in Samir and Lutz, (2014).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
|
Fast Track
|
Daily-resolution, bias-corrected climate data from the global climate models MIROC-ESM-CHEM, NorES1-M, IPSL-CM5A-LR, GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES covering the period 1950-2099 (historical run up to 2004, then split into 4 RCPs), downscaled to a 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid. For a full technical description, see the DOI link below (Hempel, et al., 2013a).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Simulated ocean climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
The ESM2M run is a fully coupled free running climate model forced by historical and future scenario GHGaerosol, solar boundary conditions without flux adjustment or other restoring to observations using TOPAZv2 as in Dunne et al 2013. DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00150.1 Data is available for the following time periods: historical (1950-2005), rcp26 (2006-2100), rcp45 (2006-2100), rcp60 (2006-2100), rcp85 (2006-2100).
|
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Protocol
|
Simulated ocean climate
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ISIMIP2a
|
The COBALT run is as described in: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079661113001079. It uses the same basic ocean-ice setup as Dunne et al., 2013 but is forced with reanalysis. Data is available for the following time period: historical (1959-2004).
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Protocol
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Other
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ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
Fast Track
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** This data set has been expanded with missing construction/commissioning years, see https://www.isimip.org/gettingstarted/details/75/ **
The dam data is based on GRanDv1.1 (Lehner et al., 2011, DOI: 10.1890/100125), but adjusted to match the river-routing in DDM30. After 2010, the data has been provided by Dr. Jida Wang, from Kansas State University (KSU).
Use of these data sets is recommended but, if unfeasible, groups may use their default dataset. For a comparison of this dataset with the default WaterGAP and LPJmL datasets, see https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=d966db9c7b2949ac8380458d7020adf9
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Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Daily-resolution observed climate data on a global (land and ocean) 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid from the Global Soil Wetness Project Phase 3 (GSWP3), based on the reanalysis data set 20CR and using the bias targets GPCC, GPCP, CPC-Unified, CRU and SRB. The data set covers the period 1901‐2010.
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Protocol
|
Socio-economic
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
|
Annual country-level GDP data for 1850-2016.
|
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Protocol
|
Land use
|
ISIMIP2b
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Historical land-use (LU) changes from the HYDE3.2 data (Klein Goldewijk, 2016) (see Figure 3). Data for the time period 1861-2005.
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Protocol
|
Land use
|
Fast Track
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Harvested areas based on the MIRCA data set, covering irrigated and rainfed landuse.
|
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Protocol
|
Socio-economic
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Annual global population data at 0.5° and 5' resolutions for the years 1861-2005 on a 0.5° and 5' grid.
|
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Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Daily-resolution observed climate data on a global (land and ocean) 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid.
PGMFD v.2 (Princeton) is from he Terrestrial Hydrology Group at Princeton University, based on the reanalysis data set NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis I and using the bias targets CRU, SRB, TRMM, GPCP & WMO and validated against GSWP2. The PGMFD v.2 data set covers the period 1901‐2012.
WATCH (WFD)
Derived from the WATCH Project, based on the reanalysis data set ERA-40 and using the bias target GPCC. The data set covers the period 1901‐2001.
WATCH+WFDEI
Based on the reanalysis data set ERA-Interim and using the bias target GPCC. The data set covers the period 1901‐2012, where the data for 1901-1978 are taken from WFD, and from 1979 onwards from WFDEI.GPCC
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Protocol
|
Simulated ocean climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Ocean data from the GCM IPSL-CM5A-LR. Data is available for the following time periods: historical (1950-2005), rcp26 (2006-2100), rcp45 (2006-2100), rcp60 (2006-2100), rcp85 (2006-2100).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Pre-industrial (1661-1860), historical (1861-2005), future (RCP2.6 (2006-2100), RCP6.0 (2006-2099) and RCP8.5(2006-2099)) and extended-future (2100-2299) conditions provided based on CMIP5 output from MIROC5. Output includes the physical and biogeochemical ocean data required by the marine ecosystem sector of ISIMIP.
|
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Protocol
|
Other human influences
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
|
We provide the fertilization rate per our five canonical crop types, i.e. for both annual and perennial C3 and C4 crops, as well as for nitrogen fixing crops. The variables’ names are fertl_c3ann, fertl_c3per, fertl_c4ann, fertl_c4per and fert_c3nfx. The data are provided on an annual times step on the land surface of a global 0.5° × 0.5° grid. The units are kilograms per year and per hectare. Data is available for the following time periods: historical (1861-2005), rcp26soc+rcp60soc (2006-2099) (see below for detailed information).
|
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Protocol
|
Other human influences
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
|
ISIMIP2a: Monthly, 0.5° gridded data for 1860-2016
ISIMIP2b: Annual and monthly, 0.5° gridded data for 1850-2099 derived from the average of three atmospheric chemistry models (i.e., GISS-E2-R, CCSM-CAM3.5, and GFDL-AM3) in the Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) (0.5° x 0.5°).
|
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|
Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Daily-resolution observed climate data on a global (land and ocean) 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid from the Terrestrial Hydrology Group at Princeton University, based on the reanalysis data set NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis I and using the bias targets CRU, SRB, TRMM, GPCP & WMO and validated against GSWP2. The data set covers the period 1901‐2012
|
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Protocol
|
Socio-economic
|
Fast Track
|
Historical (1950-2009) and future projections (2010-2100) of country-level and gridded population data based on the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) for SSP1-SSP5.
|
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|
Protocol
|
Simulated atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Uncorrected pressure and wind fields at 10m above the land surface with 3-hrly resolution for the GCMs IPSL-CM5A-LR (1861-2299), MIROC5 (1861-2099) and GFDL-ESM2M (1861-2099).
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Protocol
|
Other
|
ISIMIP2b
ISIMIP2a
Fast Track
|
DDM30 River-routing network data.
|
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|
Protocol
|
Other
|
ISIMIP2b
|
Total climate-driven regional sea level projections on a global 0.5x0.5° grid. Projection is a combination of ocean dynamic sea level fields and steric global contribution from the ISIMIP GCMs, and the fingerprints from glaciers and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Tthe time-dependent fingerpints were generated by scaling a time-independent fingerprint (see Bamber and Riva 2010) with the respective global timeseries for each contribution. Uncertainty for fingerprints is only from the global timeseries. Data is available for following time periods: historical (1861-2005), rcp26 (2006-2099; HadGEM2-ES and IPSL-CM5A-LR extended to 2299), rcp60 (2006-2099) (See below for detailed information).
|
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Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Daily resolution climate data on a global 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid: Derived from the WATCH Project, based on the reanalysis data set ERA-40 and using the bias target GPCC. The data set covers the period 1901‐2001.
Related website:
http://www.waterandclimatechange.eu/about/watch-forcing-data-20th-century
When referring to the WATCH data set, the following paper should be cited:
Weedon, G.P., S.S. Gomes, P.P. Viterbo, W.J. Shuttleworth, E.E. Blyth, H.H. Österle, J.C. Adam, N.N. Bellouin, O.O. Boucher, and M.M. Best, 2011: Creation of the WATCH Forcing Data and Its Use to Assess Global and Regional Reference Crop Evaporation over Land during the Twentieth Century. J. Hydrometeor., 12, 823–848, doi: 10.1175/2011JHM1369.1
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Protocol
|
Observed atmospheric climate
|
ISIMIP2a
|
Daily-resolution observed climate data on a global (land only) 0.5°x0.5° lat-lon grid, based on the reanalysis data set ERA-Interim and using the bias target GPCC. The data set covers the period 1901‐2012, where the data for 1901-1978 are taken from WFD, and from 1979 onwards from WFDEI.GPCC
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Access to the ISIMIP input and output data for ISIMIP participants (i.e. modelling groups contributing simulations according to the ISIMIP protocol) is through the DKRZ server in Hamburg Germany. Information about applying for a DKRZ account and accessing these data can be found on the Modellers' Dashboard.
Access to the ISIMIP input and output data for external users (i.e. non participants), is provided via a node of the Earth System Grid Federation (ESGF). Information about accessing these data can be found here. External users of ISIMIP output data should pay special attention to the ISIMIP terms of use.