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  3. Impact model: CWatM

Impact model: CWatM

Sector
Water (global)
Region
global

CWatM is a spatially-distributed, rainfall-runoff and channel routing water resources model (Burek et al., 2020). It is process-based and used to quantify water availability, human water withdrawals of different sectors (industry, domestic, agriculture), and the effects of water infrastructure, including reservoirs, groundwater pumping and irrigation canals. CWatM is designed at grid level, with two native versions for 0.5◦ and 0.0833° resolutions at global scales (with sub-grid resolution taking topography and land cover into account). It operates at daily time steps (with sub-daily time stepping for soil and river routing).

Information for the model CWatM is provided for the simulation rounds shown in the tabs below. Click on the appropriate tab to get the information for the simulation round you are interested in.

Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round
Peter Burek: burek@iiasa.ac.at, 0000-0001-6390-8487, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
Luca Guillaumot: luca.guillaumot@live.fr, 0000-0002-6579-6287, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) (Austria)
Reetik-Kumar Sahu: sahu@iiasa.ac.at, 0000-0003-0681-0509, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
Output Data
Experiments: historical_histsoc_default, ssp370_2015soc-from-histsoc_default, ssp585_2015soc-from-histsoc_default, ssp126_2015soc-from-histsoc_default
Climate Drivers: GFDL-ESM4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, MRI-ESM2-0, UKESM1-0-LL
Date: 2022-02-24
Basic information
Model Version: Model version 1.06 27/04/21
Model Output License: CC0
Model Homepage: https://cwatm.iiasa.ac.at/
Model License: GNU General Public License v3.0
Simulation Round Specific Description: * Data in embargo period, not yet publicly available
Reference Paper: Other References:
Resolution
Spatial aggregation: regular grid
Horizontal resolution: 0.5°x0.5°
Vertically resolved: No
Temporal resolution of input data: climate variables: daily
Temporal resolution of input data: co2: annual
Temporal resolution of input data: land use/land cover: annual
Temporal resolution of input data: soil: constant
Input data
Simulated atmospheric climate data sets used: MRI-ESM2-0, IPSL-CM6A-LR, MPI-ESM1-2-HR, UKESM1-0-LL, GFDL-ESM4
Other data sets used: Soil data (gswp3_hwsd)
Climate variables: hurs, huss, sfcWind, tasmax, tas, tasmin, rlds, psl, rsds, ps, pr
Spin-up
Was a spin-up performed?: Yes
Spin-up design: Run from 1901 for historical runs till 2015 For future runs stored values from historical run 31/12/2015 are taken
Natural Vegetation
Natural vegetation partition: Each 0.5 grid cell is split between a fraction of: water, sealed, forest and other
Natural vegetation dynamics: Update of land cover every year using Hyde 3.2 databes For natural run irrigation land cover is put in other land use
Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round
Peter Burek: burek@iiasa.ac.at, 0000-0001-6390-8487, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
Luca Guillaumot: luca.guillaumot@live.fr, 0000-0002-6579-6287, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) (Austria)
Additional persons involved: Luca Guillaumot, Peter Burek
Output Data
Experiments: counterclim_histsoc_default, obsclim_histsoc_default
Climate Drivers: GSWP3-W5E5
Date: 2022-02-24
Basic information
Model Version: v1.06
Model Output License: CC0
Model Homepage: https://cwatm.iiasa.ac.at
Model License: GNU General Public License v3.0
Simulation Round Specific Description: * Data in embargo period, not yet publicly available
Reference Paper: Main Reference: Burek P, Satoh Y, Kahil T, Tang T, Greve P, Smilovic M, Guillaumot L, Zhao F, Wada Y et al. Development of the Community Water Model (CWatM v1.04) – a high-resolution hydrological model for global and regional assessment of integrated water resources management. Geoscientific Model Development,13,3267-3298,2020
Resolution
Spatial aggregation: regular grid
Horizontal resolution: 0.5°x0.5°
Vertically resolved: Yes
Number of vertical layers: 3 soil layers
Additional spatial aggregation & resolution information: CWatM runs also a version of 5 arcmin and some local versions on 30 arcsec, 1km2
Temporal resolution of input data: climate variables: daily
Temporal resolution of input data: co2: annual
Temporal resolution of input data: land use/land cover: annual
Temporal resolution of input data: soil: constant
Additional temporal resolution information: Soil, routing and lake and reservoirs runs on 10 time-step per day
Input data
Observed atmospheric climate data sets used: GSWP3-W5E5 (ISIMIP3a)
Land use data sets used: Historical, gridded land use
Other data sets used: Land-sea mask
Climate variables: huss, tasmax, tas, tasmin, rlds, rsds, ps, pr
Spin-up
Was a spin-up performed?: Yes
Spin-up design: 1901-2016 spin-up run, data from 2016 used to start again from 1901
Technological Progress
Technological progress: Water demand is estimated for irrigation, livestock, industry and energy, and households. Irrigation water demand estimates account for soil moisture, seasonal variability, irrigation methods and climatic conditions (Wada et al., 2011). Using the MIRCA2000 crop calendar (Portmann et al., 2010) and the extent of irrigated areas (Siebert et al., 2015), the irrigation water demand is determined at each grid cell. Industrial water demand is based on gridded, historical industrial water demand data (Shiklamov, 1997) and water use intensity which is a function of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), electricity production, energy consumption, household consumption, and a technological development rate per country. Domestic water demand is based on population per grid cell multiplied with a country-specific per capita domestic water withdrawal rate.
Soil
Soil layers: 3 soil layers Van Genuchten soil hydraulic parameters based on Dai, Y., N. Wei, H. Yuan, S. Zhang, W. Shangguan, S. Liu, and X. Lu (2019a), Evaluation of soil thermal conductivity schemes for use in land surface modelling, J. Adv. Model. Earth System
Water Use
Water-use types: Irrigation Livestock Domestic Industry
Water-use sectors: Irrigation Livestock Domestic Industry
Routing
Runoff routing: CWatM applies the kinematic wave approximation of the Saint-Venant equation (Chow et al., 1998) for river routing
Routing data: River network DDM30 (Döll and Lehner, 2002);
Land Use
Land-use change effects: Hyde 3.2 database (Klein Goldewijk et al., 2017)
Dams & Reservoirs
Dam and reservoir implementation: Lakes are simulated using the modified Puls approach (Chow et al., 1998, Maniak, 1997) The method of simulating reservoir operations is taken from LISFLOOD (Burek et al., 2013) HydroLakes database (Messager et al., 2016; Lehner et al., 2011)
Calibration
Was the model calibrated?: No
Vegetation
Is co2 fertilisation accounted for?: Yes
Methods
Potential evapotranspiration: Penman-Montheith
Snow melt: Day-degree
Attachments
596-gmd-13-3267-2020.pdf (14.1 MB) CWatm paper Burek et al. 2020
Confirm data for simulation round ISIMIP2b
Person responsible for model simulations in this simulation round
Peter Burek: burek@iiasa.ac.at, 0000-0001-6390-8487, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
Reetik-Kumar Sahu: sahu@iiasa.ac.at, 0000-0003-0681-0509, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Austria)
Yusuke Satoh: yusuke.satoh@kaist.ac.kr, 0000-0001-6419-7330, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) (Japan)
Output Data
Experiments: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII
Climate Drivers: None
Date: 2019-09-10
Basic information
Model Version: V1.04
Model Homepage: https://cwatm.iiasa.ac.at
Model License: GNU General Public License v3.0
Reference Paper: Main Reference: Burek, P., Satoh, Y., Kahil, T., Tang, T., Greve, P., Smilovic, M., Guillaumot, L., Zhao, F., and Wada, Y et al. Development of the Community Water Model (CWatM v1.04) - a high-resolution hydrological model for global and regional assessment of integrated water resources management. Geosci. Model Dev,13,3267–3298,2020
Reference Paper: Other References:
Resolution
Spatial aggregation: regular grid
Horizontal resolution: 0.5°x0.5°
Temporal resolution of input data: climate variables: daily
Temporal resolution of input data: land use/land cover: annual
Temporal resolution of input data: soil: constant
Input data
Simulated atmospheric climate data sets used: MIROC5 (rcp45), HadGEM2-ES (rcp45), IPSL-CM5A-LR (rcp45), GFDL-ESM2M (rcp45)
Observed atmospheric climate data sets used: EWEMBI
Socio-economic data sets used: Future, gridded population (all SSPs), Future, country-level Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Historical country-level Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Land use data sets used: Historical, gridded land use (HYDE 3.2)
Other data sets used: Reservoirs and dams, Land-sea mask, Drainage direction map for river routing, GRanD reservoirs & dams
Climate variables: ta, hurs, huss, sfcWind, hus, tasmax, tas, tasmin, rlds, psl, rsds, ps, pr
Spin-up
Was a spin-up performed?: Yes




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